The main limiting factor regarding the efficiency of livestock production is the reproduction of farm animals. However, advanced technologies successfully optimize the ability to regulate reproduction. Biotechnological methods allow the necessary manipulations when using physiologically active elements at the level of the embryo or cell.
Basic biotechnological methods are associated with:
Stimulation and synchronization of hunting
This method involves the use of progesterone (a female sex hormone of a steroid nature), which allows you to regulate the course of the estrous cycle, and prostaglandins, or a combination thereof. Thanks to this method, in one time period it is possible to cause the appearance of hunting in the necessary group of breeding animals;
Super ovulation
This method provokes the development and ovulation in the ovaries of females with a much larger number of eggs than the body can usually reproduce. A similar condition is achieved through the use of special hormonal preparations, with the help of which ovulating ovules become on average 5-8 times larger (in some cases, the number increases up to 50 times). Thus, the best-performing cows can carry even more embryos;
Embryo transplantation
The essence of this method is to collect from the uterus of a breeding animal (donor) one (several) embryos, which are subsequently transplanted into the uterus of another cow (recipient), carrying a planted embryo. This method greatly facilitates the international exchange of the gene pool of valuable breeds of farm animals, and also allows you to get offspring from valuable animals, for a number of reasons which have lost the ability to breed;
Artificial insemination
This method prevents the risk of genital infections, allows you to effectively use the best manufacturers, and is also cost-effective, since with it the need to purchase and maintain a large number of manufacturers disappears.
Basic biotechnological methods are associated with:
